Clinical observation on eyelid herpes zoster with external use ganciclovir ophthalmic gel / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AlM: To observe the treatment efficacy of eyelid herpeszoster with external use ganciclovir ophthalmic gel.METHODS:A total of 77 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. ln the treatment group, ganciclovir ophthalmic gel was topical coated on the basis of antiviral drugs, while the control group was coated with conventional acyclovir ointment and antiviral treatment. RESULTS: The cure rate was 95% in the treatment group, and the control group was 83% after 10d treatment. The difference was significant. CONCLUSlON: The efficacy of ganciclovir ophthalmic gel treated eyelid herpes zoster is obvious.

Study on the incidence of β-Thalassemia and genotypes among children under 7 year-olds in Nanning, Liuzhou and Baise areas, Guangxi province / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To conduct research of β-Thalassemia incidence and genotypes on children below 7 years of age in Nanning, Liuzhou and Baise areas, Guangxi province. Methods A total of 2261 children aged below 7 in Nanning, Liuzhou and Baise areas were studied. Venous blood was detected by routine blood test, hemoglobin analysis and β-Thalassemia genotyping. Results Among 2261 samples, 125 showed high level of HbA2 and were diagnosed as β-Thalassemia (5.53%). Genotypes of the patients were classified as: 59 cases with β-globin gene eondon (CD) 41-42 mutation, 33 cases CD17 mutation, 18 cases with TA TA box nt-28 mutation, 7 with IVS-Ⅱ-654 mutation, 3 with CD43 mutation, 3 with HbE mutation, one with CD71-72 and TATA box nt-29 mutation, respectively. The genotyping frequencies of β-Thalassemia were as follows: 47.20% for CD41-42 mutation, 26.40% for CD17 mutation, 14.40% for TATAbox nt-28 mutation, 5.60% for IVS-Ⅱ -654 mutation, 2.40% for CD43 mutation, 2.40% for HbE mutation, 0.80% for CD71-72 mutation and TATAbox nt-29 mutation respectively. Conclusion This study on children in the area with high incidence of β-Thalassemia reflected the incidence and characteristics of genotypes in this area. Our data also provided evidence for the development of a program on genetic counseling and prevention for thalassemia.

Prevalence of hypertension in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao populations / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in the Guangxi Bai Ku Yao populations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 1170 subjects of Bai Ku Yao aged 15 and over were surveyed by a stratified randomized cluster sampling. Blood pressure, body height, weight, waist circumference, serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels were measured, and body mass index (BMI) were calculated, matched 1173 subjects of Han Chinese from the same region served as control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The standardized prevalence of hypertension in Bai Ku Yao was significantly lower than that in Han (11.53% vs.16.79%, P < 0.01). The mean levels of systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure in Bai Ku Yao were also significantly lower than those in Han [(115.7 +/- 16.3) vs. (120.0 +/- 16.3) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa), P < 0.01; (74.1 +/- 9.4) vs. (75.9 +/- 10.4) mm Hg, P < 0.01; and (41.6 +/- 12.0) vs. (44.2 +/- 11.2) mm Hg, P < 0.01; respectively]. Hypertension was positively correlated with male, age, physical activity, BMI, waist circumference, and the intakes of total energy, total fat, and sodium, and negatively associated with education level in both ethnic groups (P < 0.05 - 0.01), but was positively associated with alcohol consumption only in Han. The rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were significantly lower in Bai Ku Yao than those in Han population [(11.81% vs. 21.76%), P < 0.05; (5.51% vs. 12.95%), P < 0.05; and (2.36% vs. 8.29%), P < 0.05; respectively].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of hypertension was significantly lower in Bai Ku Yao population than in Han population and diet, low sodium intake, life style, and genetic factors might be responsible for the lower hypertension prevalence in Bai Ku Yao population.</p>

Prenatal diagnosis of Thailand deletion of alpha-thalassemia 1 / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To conduct prenatal diagnosis on the couples carrying Thailand deletion (--THAI) alpha-thalassemia 1 and at high risk of having fetus with alpha-thalassemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genotypes of couples and fetuses were analyzed by PCR and DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four pregnant women were patients with Hb H diseases of --THAI compounding with alpha-thalassemia 2, while their husbands were heterozygote of the Southeast Asian type alpha-thalassemia 1 (--SEA). Another 5 families, either husbands or wives were heterozygote of --THAI or --SEA. The genotypes of their fetuses were as follows: 2 cases with Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome, 1 Hb H disease, 4 alpha-thalassemia heterozygote and 2 normal. The DNA sequencing approved the PCR results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The study on prenatal diagnosis of Thailand deletion alpha-thalassemia 1 is of importance to the genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis of alpha-thalassemia.</p>

Non-invasive prenatal genetic diagnosis of beta-thalassaemia using single fetal nucleated erythrocyte from maternal blood / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate non-invasive prenatal genetic diagnosis of beta-thalassaemia using a single fetal nucleated erythrocyte (NRBC) from maternal blood by comparing with the genotype obtained from chorionic villus or amniocytes, and to evaluate the diagnostic results in reliability and feasibility of this method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Maternal blood samples were obtained from 28 pregnant women at risk of beta thalassaemia during 9 - 34 weeks of gestation. NRBCs in maternal blood were enriched by single density gradient separation, stained with benzidine, and then collected by micromanipulation individually. After primer extension preamplification (PEP) of the entire genome from each single NRBC, short tandem repeat (STR) genotype was analyzed after further amplification of this gene. Single NRBC was tested individually to identify if it was fetal or maternal in origin by STR genotype of NRBC and its corresponding parents. beta-globin DNA fragments were amplified with nested-PCR using PEP product of a single fetal NRBC that was determined to be fetal in origin. Fetal beta-globin genotypes were analyzed by reverse dot-blot hybridization (RDB), the accuracy was evaluated by comparing with genotype which had been determined on DNA obtained from chorionic villus (CVS) or amniocytes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 298 NRBCs were found in all of 28 pregnant women at a range of 4 to 13 per 5 ml venous blood. After PEP, about 43.6% of NRBCs were determined to be fetal in origin by STR typing. Using PEP product of a single fetal NRBC as template, beta-globin DNA fragment was examined on agarose gel after nested-PCR, amplification efficiency was 90.8% (118/130). Fetal beta-globin genotypes were achieved successfully in all cases with RDB. Comparing with the genotypes which were obtained from CVS or amniocytes, the rate of diagnostic accuracy was 85.7% (24/28).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PEP technique and STR genotype analysis provide effective method for identification of single nucleated erythrocyte from maternal blood in origin. With the techniques PEP and RDB, fetal beta-globin genetic diagnosis was achieved using a single fetal NRBC from maternal blood. The method had a high accuracy and reliability in diagnosis. It may become an optional approach to non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of beta-thalassemia.</p>

Effects of Inhaled Budesonide in Early Phase on Airway Inflammation and Interleukin-6/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 3 Signaling Pathway in Asthmatic Mouse / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To observe the effects of inhaled budesonide (BUD) in early phase on the airway inflammation in asthmatic mouse,and its effects on the IL-6/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3(IL-6/STAT3 )signaling pathway in airway,explore the therapeutic target of BUD.Methods Forty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into control group(n=10),asthma group(n=10),BUD group(n=10) and AG490 group(n=10).The mice were sensitized with ovalbumin to establish the asthmatic model.The histological changes were evaluated by HE staining.The levels of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Lung tissue extracts were analyzed for total STAT3 and phospho-STAT3(p-STAT3) by Western blot.Results 1.The levels of inflammatory cells,EOS%, IL-4,IL-5 and IL-6 levels in the BALF in BUD group were significantly lower than those in asthma group (Pa0.05).Conclusions Inhaled corticosteroid can apparently ameliorate airway inflammation in early phase in asthmatic mouse model,and it can downregulate the expressions of IL-6 and STAT3,inhibit the signal-transduction pathway of STAT3.The IL-6 /STAT3 signaling pathway of airway may be one of the potential therapeutic targets of inhaled corticosteroid.

Identification of fetal nucleated erythrocytes in maternal blood using short tandem repeat typing after primer extension preamplification / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a method for identifying fetal nucleated erythrocytes (NRBCs) in maternal blood.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>NRBCs in maternal blood were detected by benzidine staining and collected by micromanipulation. After primer extension preamplification (PEP) of the entire genome from a single NRBC, short tandem repeat (STR) genotype was analysed after further amplification of this gene. Single NRBC was differentiated as fetal or maternal origin by comparison of STR genotype of NRBC with its corresponding parents.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NRBCs were found in all of 28 pregnant women in a range of 4 to 13 per 5 ml venous blood. About 43. 6% of NRBCs were determined to be fetal origin by STR typing.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This method provides effective identification of fetal NRBCs and allows non-invasive prenatal genetic diagnosis using single fetal NRBC.</p>

Homozygous hemoglobin constant spring in Guangxi province / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the relationship between genotype and phenotype of homozygous hemoglobin Constant Spring (Hb CS) in Guangxi province, and to explore the reasons of missed diagnosis and the methods for screening and diagnosing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Screening Hb CS by acetate fibrous membrane electrophoresis with benzidine staining. Gene mutation of homozygous Hb CS by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Out of the 9 patients, 4 had no clinical symptoms, 2 showed mild anemia and splenomegaly, 3 were jaundice. Hemoglobin levels were normal or mild anemia. MCVs were normal or reduced. Peripheral blood smear of all the patients displayed hypochromia, anisocytosis, poikilocytosis and target cells. The quantities of HbA(2) + Hb CS were 4.3% - 6.72%, while HbA(2) < 2%. Gene analysis confirmed the diagnosis of homozygous Hb CS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was quite different in clinical symptoms, hematological parameters and hemoglobin quantifications for patients with homozygous Hb CS. They might have no clinical and hematological signs and looked like the phenotype of Hb H disease. Homozygous Hb CS was very easy to miss diagnosis. Gene analysis can be helpful.</p>

Alpha 2 codon 30 deletion (deltaGAG) causing non-deletional hemoglobin H disease in Guangxi province / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze genotypic profiles and understand the relationship between the genotype and phenotype of Hb H disease in Guangxi province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hematologic and Hb analyses on the cases were performed to detect their alpha thalassemia genotypes using PCR method and DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>An unusual case was identified in one of the 298 patients with Hb H disease diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from October 2002 to November 2003. The 25-year-old male patient, a native of Yulin in Guangxi province, had had jaundice and splenomegaly since childhood, and he had never received blood transfusion. Hematologic examinations revealed his hemoglobin 107 g/L, RBC 4.9+10(12) g/L, MCV 76.2 fl, MCH 21.8 pg, MCHC 287 g/L, HCT 0.373, reticulocyte 3%. Hb analysis showed the level of Hb H + Hb Bart's 34.41%. PCR and DNA sequencing confirmed the genotype of a deletion at codon 30 of alpha2 globin gene and SEA alpha-thalassemia-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This unusual case had no anemia, but had higher level of Hb H and Hb Bart's when compared to those non-deletional Hb H disease cases such as Hb CS-H, HbQS-H and alpha2 codon 31 mutation combined with SEA alpha-thalassemia-1 previously reported in mainland China. The discovery and recognition of this gene mutation and related genotype and phenotype is of importance to the genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in Guangxi province where the incidence of alphathalassemia is very high.</p>

Eosinophils apoptosis in asthmatic children / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>Prominent eosinophil airway inflammation is important in the pathogenesis of asthma. There is increasing evidence that the disorder of eosinophil apoptosis contributes to the mechanism. But most of the studies have been done in vitro or on animal models, very few were done among the adult asthmatics in vivo.</p><p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the apoptotic eosinophils and Bcl-2 in asthmatic children in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eleven mild to moderate asthmatic patients were recruited and the range of age was 7 - 14 years (9 males, 2 females), meanwhile 7 patients with lower respiratory infection were recruited as control and the range of age was 9 - 14 years (5 males, 2 females). Before and after inhaled glucocorticoid (GC) induced sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bronchial mucosa specimens and peripheral blood were obtained for measuring and comparing the changes of apoptotic EG(2)(+) cell by combining the techniques of TUNEL and immunohistochemistry, meanwhile the expression of Bcl-2 in bronchial mucosa specimens was measured by using the immunohistochemical assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before the inhalation of GC, the apoptotic EG(2)(+) cells in asthmatics were significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.01), and the numbers of EG(2)(+) cell in asthmatics group were significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.001). After the treatment apoptotic EG(2)(+) cells in asthmatics were increased (P < 0.01), and the numbers of EG(2)(+)cell were decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05 and P < 0.05, respectively), FEV(1)% was increased (P < 0.05). Before the inhalation of GC, the numbers of Bcl-2(+) cell in asthmatic airway submucosa were higher than that in control group (P < 0.05) but after the treatment the number of Bcl-2(+) cell did not change significantly. (4) Before and after GC treatment the percentages of apoptotic eosinophils of peripheral blood in vivo had no significant changes compared with those of control subjects (P > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between apoptosis of EG(2)(+) cell in sputum, BAL, airway submucosa and FEV(1)% (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Apoptosis of EG(2)(+) cell decreased in the airway of asthmatic children and inducing EOS apoptosis is one of the important mechanism of inhaled GC therapy for asthma.</p>

Expression of Signal Transducers and Activator of Transcription 3 in Airway Epithelial Cells of Asthmatic Mouse Model and Its Role in Airway Remodeling / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the expression of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3(STAT3) in airway epithelial cells of asthmatic mouse model and its association with airway remodeling,explore the role of signal-transduction pathway in airway remodeling.Methods Thirty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into normal control group(n=10),asthma without intervention group(n=10) and AG490 intervention group(n=10).The mice were sensitized with ovalbumin to establish the asthmatic model.The histological changes were evaluated by HE staining,total brochial wall thickness(Wat)and smooth muscle thickness(Wam) were measured by image analysis system,the percentages of collagen deposition were detected by Masson′s trichrome staining,the expression of STAT3 in airway were detected by immunohistochemistry technique;lung tissue extracts were analyzed for phosphorylation of STAT3(p-STAT3)by Western blot.SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results 1.The histological changes including airway thickness,airway smooth cell proliferation and excessive collagen deposition in subepithelial aera were found under light microscope in asthmatic mice.2.The level of STAT3 and p-STAT3 in asthma without intervention group were significantly higher than those in normal control group(Pa